What factors are crucial for maintaining an optimal greenhouse climate?

Maintaining an optimal greenhouse climate is essential for plant health and productivity, and the factors identified in the correct option—temperature, humidity, light, and ventilation—are crucial because they directly influence plant growth and development.

Temperature control is vital since different plants thrive at specific temperature ranges. Too hot or too cold temperatures can stress plants, inhibiting their growth or even leading to death.

Humidity levels play a significant role in plant transpiration and gas exchange. High humidity can cause diseases like mold and mildew, while low humidity can lead to desiccation and inhibit growth.

Light is critical for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy. Adequate lighting levels ensure that plants have enough energy to grow and bloom. In a greenhouse, you may need to manage natural light through the use of shading or supplemental artificial light.

Ventilation is equally important as it helps regulate temperature and humidity, and ensures a supply of fresh air. Proper air circulation helps to prevent the build-up of harmful gases and creates an environment that supports healthy plant growth.

While the other options mention important horticultural elements such as soil quality, nutrients, and space, they do not address the environmental conditions that are essential for creating and maintaining a suitable atmosphere for plant